History of the Emerald Buddha IN THAILAND

It is not known for sure when the Emerald Buddha was carved however judging from the appearance and style, one could conclude it was carved in Northern Thailand not  much earlier than the fifteenth century. On the other hand, the Emerald Buddha, which is in an attitude of meditation,  looks much like some of the Buddha images of Southern India and Sri Lanka. This attitude of meditation has never been popular in other Thai carvings of Buddha images, so one might assign the origin to one of the aforementioned countries.

According to reliable chronicles, lightning struck a Chedi in Chiangrai province of Northern hailand in 1434 A.D.and a Buddha statue ma of stucco was found inside. The abbot of the temple noticed that the stucco on the nose had flaked off and the image inside was a green color. He then removed the stucco covering and found the Emerald Buddha which is, in reality, made of green jade. At that time, the town of Chiangrai was under the rule of the King of Chiangmai, King Samfangkaen,

As people flocked to view and worship this beautiful Buddha image, the King then decided to move the image to Chiangmai. Three times he sent out an elephant to bring the Emerald Buddha to Chiangmai, but each time the elephant ran to the city of Lampang instead of returning to Chiangmai. The King thought that the spirits guarding the Emerald Buddha wanted to stay in Lampang so the Buddha was allowed to remain there until 1468, at which time the new king, King Tiloka, had the Emerald Buddha brought to Chiangmai. The image was installed in the eastern niche of a large stupa at Wat Chedi Luang.

The King of Chiangmai in the mid 16th century had no sons. His daughter was married to the King of Laos and bore one son named Prince Chaichettha. After the King died in 1551 the prince, at the age of fifteen, was invited to become the ing of Chiangmai. However when his fathe King of laos died. King Chaichettha wanted to return to his own country. In 1552 he returned to Luang Prabang, then the capital of Laos, and took the Emerald Buddha with him. He promised the ministers he would return to Chiangmai, but he never did nor did he send back the Emerald Buddha. In 1564 King Chaichettha was chased out of Luang Prabang by the Burmese army of King Bayinnaung and took the Emerald Buddha with him to his new capital of Vientiane. The Emerald Buddha remained there for 214 years.

When King Rama I was still a general during the Thonburi period in 1778, he captured the town of Vientiane and brought the Emerald Buddha back to Thailand. With the establishment of Bangkok as the capital, beginning the Rattanakosin period and the Chakri Dynasty, the Emerald Buddha became the palladium of Thailand and has been there ever since. On the 22nd of March 1784 the image was moved from Thonburi to the Temple of the Emerald Buddha.

Two seasonal costumes were made for the Emerald Buddha by King Rama I, one for the summer season and one for the rainy season. King Rama III (1824-1851) had another costume made for the winter season. The ceremonial changing of the costumes takes place three time a year and is done by his Majesty the King.